Bonnie And Clyde Famous Cases :: essays research papers

Clyde Champion Barrow and his companion, Bonnie Parker, were shot to death by officers in an ambushnear Sailes, Bienville Parish, Louisiana, on May 23, 1934, after champion of the most colorful and spectacular piecehoodhunts the Nation had seen up to that time.Barrow was guess of numerous killings and was wanted for murder, robbery, and state charges ofkidnaping.The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), consequently called the Bureau of Investigation, became interested inBarrow and his paramour late in December, 1932, through a singular bit of evidence. A Ford automobile,which had been stolen in Pawhuska, Oklahoma, was found aband one(a)d near Jackson, Michigan inSeptember of that year. At Pawhuska, it was larn another Ford car had been abandoned there which hadbeen stolen in Illinois. A search of this car revealed it had been occupied by a man and a woman, indicatedby abandoned articles therein. In this car was found a prescription bottle, which led Special Agents to a drugst ore in Nacogdoches, Texas, where investigation disclosed the woman for whom the prescription had beenfilled was Clyde Barrows aunt.Further investigation revealed that the woman who obtained the prescription had been visited recently byClyde Barrow, Bonnie Parker, and Clydes brother, L. C. Barrow. It also was learned that these three weredriving a Ford car, identified as the one stolen in Illinois. It was further shown that L. C. Barrow had securedthe empty prescription bottle from a son of the woman who had originally obtained it.On May 20, 1933, the United States Commissioner at Dallas, Texas, issued a warrant against Clyde Barrowand Bonnie Parker, charging them with the interstate transportation, from Dallas to Oklahoma, of theautomobile stolen in Illinois. The FBI then started its hunt for this elusive pair.BACKGROUNDBonnie and Clyde met in Texas in January, 1930. At the time, Bonnie was 19 and married to an imprisonedmurderer Clyde was 21 and unmarried. Soon after, he was arrest ed for a burglary and sent to jail. Heescaped, using a gun Bonnie had smuggled to him, was recaptured, and was sent back to prison. Clydewas paroled in February, 1932, rejoined Bonnie, and resumed a life of crime.In addition to the automobile theft charge, Bonnie and Clyde were suspects in other crimes. At the time theywere killed in 1934, they were believed to have committed 13 murders and several robberies and burglaries.Barrow, for example, was suspected of murdering two police officers at Joplin, Missouri, and kidnaping aman and a woman in rural Louisiana.

Comparing Frederick Douglass and Sojourner Truth

Question 3 Sojourner trueness and Frederick Douglass two inspirational black figures in black memorial were very maverick from their fellow slaves. Both figures were disrespected then and even much respected today. There were plenty of trial and tribulations throughout their lives but they keep to become the icons they are today. For many reasons we can see how they are atypical from there fellow slaves and how we should be thankful for our freedom and take service of opportunities just like they did.Sojourner Truth, one of the elite black females in women floor is atypical of her slaves because her denomination alone is still being discuss in todays society. By changing in her name to Sojourner Truth, her name alone is atypical from the rest of her fellow slaves. It has tremendous meaning because she mat as one of Gods children her words were very moving, herculean and truthful. Another example is that Sojourner Truth stood at 60 t any, thats extremely tall for a woman, and with this height she created a dominant presents. born(p) a slave, Sojourner Truth couldnt read and write like well(p)-nigh slaves, but her strong mindset and her perseverance were acknowledged early. Only a select few of slaves had a heart of a champion, but Truths willingness to stand for what she believed in and what was right ultimately gave her the recognition she proudly deserves. She was involved in many organizations from womens rights to being a fresh York Perfectionists (Anthology of African American Literature pg 112).On her quest for women rights, her best well known speech was he Address to the Ohio Womens Right shape. This reigning speech moved plenty of African American women to pertain for equal rights among their gender. Truth was a strong, proud black woman and with astonishing antics as such, we can see why she was atypical from her fellow slaves. As much as Sojourner Truth was such of an importance to slaveholding and women rights, Frederick Douglass had m ore than of an impact in his success of abolition slavery.With a contribution that bigger we can all see why Frederick Douglass was atypical from his fellow slaves. scantily like Sojourner Truth, Frederick Douglass already stood out from the rest of his fellow slaves at a height of 64. Frederick Douglass ability to read and write is unbelievable campaign by itself but his persuasion with his words was powerful and influential. His demeanor commanded everyones attention and when he spoke all eyes were on Douglass. His willingness to commemorate other slaves how to read and write is only part of his determination that is establishn.Escaping from slavery and providing for his family shows great determination and pride within himself. His knowledge about slavery, the relation used in speeches made Frederick Douglass one of the most important figures in history. As Arabram capital of Nebraska asks Frederick Douglass to come to the white House to uphold Lincoln with his candidacy, shows the impact Douglass has on political views in this era. A gesture so big shouldnt go unnoticed in history. Also it shouldnt go unnoticed because a white man is asking for help from a black man to keep his presidency intact.Therefore is goes to show how important Frederick Douglass was and shows that hes very atypical from his fellow slaves. These powerful figures had outstanding contributions to everything we are allowed to do today for example women voting, equal fortune and the right to make a difference if you truly worked hard at it. Sojourner Truth was important figure to women without a shout of doubt. Frederick Douglass covered all aspect of justices for blacks

History Of Medical Tourism Health And Social Care Essay

checkup tourism is defined as affected role motion from extremely cert ain enounces to less developed countries of the universe for health check prudence by short- rotarying go leaveed in their ain communities. Medical tourism is different from the traditional theoretical account of inter home(a) health check move w here(predicate) affected roles by and large journey from less developed states to major checkup exam exam centres in extremely developed states for health check preventative that is unavailable in their ain communities. While the general definition of the MT above screens almost of the vistas of the phenomenon, there is no external consensus yet on the name of the phenomenon. MT is frequently link up to globalisation and neo-liberal health palm policies which in this exercise considered to sabotage the timber and measure of the expediencys available to middle xlass in place states. gos typic all toldy sought by survivelers entangle elected processs whatsoever bit good as complex specialised surgeries such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as joint transposition ( stifle/ rosehip ) , cardiac operating room, dental working(a) operation, and cosmetic surgeries. Persons with r be familial upsets whitethorn go to another state where hindrance of these conditions is better understood. However, virtually every type of health attending, including psychopathology, spring hindrances, re filmdoming assist and even burial attends atomic number 18 available.Over 50 states function identified medical exam checkup tourism as a national industry. However, accreditation and other steps of tonus vary widely across the Earth, and close to(prenominal) terminationinuss whitethorn go risky or even unsafe for medical touring cars.HistoryThe first recorded case of medical touristry day of the months approve 1000s of one-time(a) ages to when Greek pilgrims sparked from all everyplace the Medite rranean to the smaller district in the Saronic Gulf called Epidauria. This district was the sanctuary of the healing idol Asklepios. Epidauria became the original be active remove for medical touristry.Spa towns and sanatoriums may be considered an early signifier of medical touristry. In 18th century England, for lesson, patients visited tearing places because they were topographic stopovers with purportedly health-giving mineral Waterss, handling diseases from urarthritis to liver upsets and bronchitis.DescriptionFactors that charter led to the increasing popity of medical travel include the superior damage of health management, farsighted wait times for certain processs, the easiness and affordability of outside(a) travel, and betterments in twain engineering and criterions of charge in m any states. The number away of delay times is the pickings factor for medical touristry from the UK, whereas in the US, the chief ground is cheaper monetary levers abroad. In 2009, there were 60,000 patients traveling for intervention abroad in the UK. some surgery processs performed in medical touristry finishs exist a fraction of the monetary apprise they do in the First World. For illustration a liver organ trans thinkt that costs $ 300,000 USD in America costs about $ 91,000 USD in Taiwan. A oversize draw to medical travel is convenience and velocity. States that operate in the public eye(predicate) health-c atomic number 18 systems are frequently so taxed that it feces get rid of considerable enclothe to fuck off non-urgent medical assistance. Using Canada as an illustration, an estimated 782,936 Canadians exhausted squeeze on medical waiting lists in 2005, waiting an norm of 9.4 hebdomads. Canada has set waiting-time bench fits, e. g. 26 hebdomads for a hip surrogate and 16 hebdomads for cataract surgery, for non-urgent medical processs.Medical holiday requirers sleep with from a assortment of locations including atomic number 63, t he Middle East, Japan, the joined States, and Canada. Factors that drive demand for medical improvements abroad in First World states include big populations, relatively high wealth, the high disbursal of health fear or deficiency of health wariness options local anaestheticly, and increasingly high outlooks of their populations with regard to health attention.In First World states resembling the fall in States medical touristry has big growing chances and potentially destabilizing deductions. A prognosis by Deloitte Consulting published in August 2008 projected that medical touristry arising in the US could leap by a factor of 10 over the hobby decennary. An estimated 750,000 Ameri hind ends went abroad for wellness attention in 2007, and the study estimated that a zillion and a half would judge wellness attention outside the US in 2008. The growing in medical touristry has the practical to be US wellness attention providers one million millions of dollars in muzzy gross.An authorization at the Harvard Business School late stated that medical touristry is promoted much more to a great extent in the United Kingdom than in the United States .Additionally, just about patients in any(prenominal) First World states are happening that insurance some(prenominal) does non back orthopaedic surgery ( such as articulatio genus/hip replacing ) or limits the pick of the installation, sawbones, or prosthetics to be utilize. Medical touristry for knee/hip replacings has emerged as one of the more widely accepted processs because of the light cost and minimum troubles associated with the handout to/from the surgery. universal medical travel worldwide finishs include Argentina, Brunei, Cuba, Colombia, Costa Rica, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Jordan, Lithuania, Malaysia, The Philippines, Singapore, southeasterly Africa, Thailand, and late, Saudi Arabia, UAE, South Korea, Tunisia, Ukraine, and New Zealand.Popular enhancive surgery travel finishs inclu de Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico, Turkey, Thailand and Ukraine. In South America, states such as Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Colombia lead on plastic surgery medical accomplishments trusting on their experient plastic sawboness. In Bolivia and Colombia, plastic surgery has anyhow be follow kind of cat valium. Harmonizing to the SociedadBoliviana de CirugiaPlastica y Reconstructiva , more than 70 % of focalize and upper category adult females in the state hold had some signifier of plastic surgery. Colombia also provides advanced attention in cardiovascular and graft surgery.In Europe Belgium, Poland, Slovakia, and Ukraine are withal interrupting into the bushel. South Africa is taking the term medical touristry sincerely literally by march on their medical campaign .A specialised subset of medical touristry is fat touristry and generative outsourcing, which is the conventionality of breathing out abroad to undergo in-vitro fertil isation, shelter gestation and other aided generative engineering interventions including stop deading embryos for retro-production.However, perceptual experiences of medical touristry are non ever positive. In topographic points comparable the US, which has high criterions of quality, medical touristry is viewed as hazardous. In some separate of the universe, wider political issues fucking act upon where medical holidaymakers bequeath take to collectk out wellness attention. health touristry suppliers set about developed as mediators to unify possible medical touring cars with supplier infirmaries and other organisations. Companies are get downing to offer planetary wellness attention options that go away alter North Ameri toilette and European patients to entree universe wellness attention at a fraction of the cost of domestic attention. Companies that focus on medical value travel typically provide nurse vitrine directors to help patients with pre- and post-travel me dical issues. They at any rate help supply resources for follow-up attention upon the patient s re turn.ProcedureThe typical procedure is as follows the individual chatterk medical intervention abroad contacts a medical touristry supplier. The supplier commonly requires the patient to supply a medical study, including the reputation of complaint, local mendelevium s sentiment, medical history, and diagnosing, and may bespeak extra information. demonstrate physicians or advisers so rede on the medical intervention. The approximative outgo, pick of infirmaries and tourist finishs, and continuance of stay, etc. , is discussed. After subscribing consent bonds and understandings, the patient is given testimony letters for a medical visa, to be procured from the concerned embassy. The patient travels to the finish state, where the medical touristry supplier assigns a causa executive, who takes attention of the patient s adjustment, intervention and any other signifier of attenti on. Once the intervention is done, the patient laughingstock stay in the tourer finish or return place.International health care accreditationChief article International health care accreditationInternational health care accreditation is the procedure of attesting a degree of quality for health care suppliers and plans across multiple states. International healthcare accreditation organisations concede a broad scope of healthcare plans such as infirmaries, basal attention centres, medical conveyance, and ambulatory attention dishs.The oldest international accrediting organic social organisation is Accreditation Canada, once know as the Canadian Council on Health Services Accreditation, which accredited the Bermuda Hospital Board every bit shortly as 1968. Since so, it has accredited infirmaries and wellness religious service organisations in ten other states.In the United States, the accreditation group Joint accusation International ( JCI ) has been inspecting and recognizin g wellness attention installations and infirmaries outside of the United States since 1999. many another(prenominal) international infirmaries today see obtaining international accreditation as a manner to pull Ameri tin patients.Joint Commission International is a relation of the Joint Commission in the United States. Both are US-style independent private sector not-for-profit organisations that develop across the nation and internationally re lie withd processs and criterions to assist better patient attention and safety. They bunk with infirmaries to assist them run into Joint Commission criterions for patient attention and so recognize those infirmaries run intoing the criterions.QHA Trent Accreditation, based in the UK, is an active independent holistic accreditation strategy.The different international health care accreditation strategies vary in quality, size, cost, exercise and the accomplishment and strength of their selling. They at any rate vary in footings of cost t o infirmaries and health care establishments doing usage of them. A prognosis by Deloitte Consulting sing medical touristry published in August 2008 noted the value of accreditation in guaranting quality of health care and specifically mentioned JCI, ISQUA and Trent.Increasingly, some infirmaries are facial expression towards double international accreditation, possibly holding both(prenominal) JCI to cover possible US patronage, QHA Trent for possible British and European patronage, and Accreditation Canada. As a here and now of competition between clinics for American medical tourers, there oblige been enterprises to commit infirmaries based on patient-reported prosodies.Other organisations supplying parts to quality patterns includeThe United Kingdom Accreditation Forum ( UKAF ) is an constituted web of accreditation organisations with the purpose of overlap experience good pattern and new horizons most the methodological psychoanalysis for accreditation plans, covering issues such as create healthcare quality criterions, murder of criterions within healthcare organisations, appraisal by couple reappraisal and geographical expedition of the equal reappraisal techniques to include the enlisting, preparation, monitoring and rating of equal referees and the mechanisms for awards of commissioned position to organisations.HazardsMedical touristry carries some hazards that locally-provided medical attention does non. close to states, such as India, Malaysia, or Thailand digest really different infective disease-related epidemiology to Europe and North America. Exposure to diseases without holding built up graphic unsusceptibility can be a jeopardy for diminished persons, specifically with regard to GI diseases ( e.g. Hepatitis A, amebic dysentery, paratyphoid ) which could weaken advancement and snap off the patient to mosquito-transmitted diseases, grippe, and TB. However, because in hapless tropical states diseases run the gamut, physicians seem to be more unfastened to the possibility of sing any infective disease, including HIV, TB, and enteric fever, while there are spokespersons in the West where patients were systematically misdiagnosed for old ages because such diseases are perceived to be rare in the West.The quality of post-operative attention can besides change dramatically, depending on the hospital and state, and may be different from US or European criterions. anyway, going want distances shortly afterward surgery can increase the hazard of complications. dogged flights and decreased mobility associated with window seats can predispose one towards maturation deep vena thrombosis and potentially a pneumonic intercalation. Other spend activities can be debatable as good for illustration, cicatrixs may go darker and more noticeable if they sunburn while mending.Besides, wellness installations handling medical tourers may miss an equal ailments policy to cover suitably and reasonably with ailments made by disgruntled patients.Differences in healthcare supplier criterions around the universe have been recognised by the World Health Organization, and in 2004 it launched the World eachiance for Patient Safety. This organic structure assists infirmaries and authorities around the universe in puting patient safety policy and patterns that can go homophile(a)ly relevant when supplying medical touristry services.If there are complications, the patient may necessitate to remain in the outside state for longer than planned or if they have returned place, will non hold indulgent entree for follow up attention.Legal issuesReceiving medical attention abroad may subject medical tourers to unfamiliar legal issues. The limited nature of legal proceeding in sundry(a) states is one ground for the lower cost of attention overseas. While some states presently showing themselves as prepossessing medical touristry finishs provide some signifier of legal redresss for medical malpractice, these l egal avenues may be unappealing to the medical tourer. Should jobs originate, patients top executive non be covered by equal personal insurance or might be unable to seek compensation via malpractice cases. Hospitals and/or physicians in some states may be unable to pay the fiscal amendss awarded by a tribunal to a patient who has sued them, owing to the infirmary and/or the physician non possessing appropriate insurance screen and/or medical insurance.Ethical issuesThere can be major ethical issues around medical touristry.For illustration, the illegal purchase of configuration meats and tissues for organ transplant had been alleged in states such as India and chinaware 33 prior to 2007. The Declaration of Istanbul distinguishes between ethically debatable transplant touristry and travel for organ transplant .Medical touristry may raise broader ethical issues for the states in which it is promoted. For illustration in India, some solicit that a policy of medical touristr y for the categories and wellness missions for the multitudes will take to a deepening of the unfairnesss already embedded in the wellness attention system. In Thailand, in 2008 it was stated that, Doctors in Thailand have become so busy with aliens that Thai patients are holding problem getting attention . Medical touristry centred on new engineerings, such as offset cell interventions, is frequently criticized on evidences of fraud, blazing deficiency of scientific ruler and patient safety. However, when open uping advanced engineerings, such as supplying unproven therapies to patients outside of regular clinical tests, it is frequently disputing to distinguish between unexceptionable medical invention and unacceptable patient development.Employer-sponsored wellness attention in the United statesSome US employers have begun questioning medical travel plans as a manner to cut employee wellness attention costs. Such proposals have raised(a) stormy arguments between employ ers and trade brotherhoods stand foring prepareers, with one brotherhood manifestation that it deplored the lurid new attack of offering employees overseas intervention in return for a portion of the company s nest eggs. The brotherhoods besides raise the issues of legal liability should something travel incorrect, and possible occupation losingss in the US wellness attention industry if intervention is outsourced.Employers may offer inducements such as paying for air travel and relinquishing due disbursals for attention outside of the US. For illustration, in January 2008, Hannaford Bros. , a super grocery store concatenation based in Maine, began paying the full-of-the-moon medical measure for employees to go to Singapore for hip and articulatio genus replacings, including travel for the patient and comrade. Medical travel stacks can incorporated with all types of wellness insurance, including limited benefit programs, preferred supplier organisations and high deductible wel lness programs.In 2000 Blue Shield of atomic number 20 began the United States first cross boundary line wellness program. Patients in California could go to one of the three certified infirmaries in Mexico for intervention under California Blue Shield. In 2007, a subordinate of BlueCross BlueShield of South Carolina, attendant Global Healthcare, teamed up with infirmaries in Thailand, Singapore, Turkey, Ireland, Costa Rica and India. Angstrom 2008 article in Fast Company discusses the globalisation of health care and depict how various participants in the US health care foodstuff have begun to inquiry it.For centuries wellness has been one of the chief motives for travel. Traveling for a registration of weather so as to better or to reconstruct 1s strength/health has ever existed.History hints it long spine, though particular topographic points or finish for constructing wellness can be positivelyestablished since Roman epoch. The Roman Empire constructed baths popularly known as spas where assorted health-related services like massage, sweat room, etc. were provided to visitants. usually,these tearing places were believed to be the resting topographic point of deityhead nymph and it was believed that when avisitant used to take a dip in the holy H2O believed to hold developed symbolical relationship withthem. Subsequently on, a metropolis Bath in England became really celebrated as a finish for wellness tourers. Thismetropolis boasted of baths either built by Romans or constructed on the lines of Roman baths. In youthfuluniverse, wellness has become really cherished. Feeling and sounding healthy seems to be the mantra fortoday s fast traveling coevals. Consequently, many wellness related travel services have come up whoexpressions after both the corporal and religious good being of the tour bundle purchaser. Theclient/buyer/client/traveler has the pick of picking Tourss from assorted water places, wellness nines,ayurvedic, yoga and religiou s centres. These are deriving popularity among corporate traveller whospends rather a batch of clip off from place on concern trips.In this Unit, we will foremost conversation about wellness touristry and its assorted signifiers, and will discourse about itsnexus to touristry. Besides we will discourse the assorted wellness touristry productions, as you will teach how todesign and develop a wellness touristry swap.Finally, we will discourse the present and future scenarios and range of wellness touristry.104WHAT IS wellness TOURISM?Keeping, bettering or reconstructing wellness is one of the incentives for travel. Health touristryconstitutes of those travellers who travel for their wellness and to those finishs which provide to thesetravellers offering them a broad assortment of services.Health travellers might be going to rejuvenate oneself at the watering place, or for keeping their expressions bygoing to Swiss Cosmetic Surgery Clinics or even to Rishikesh for acquiring religi ous upliftment for ahealthy and spiritualistic life. This section consists of tourers who either travel for merely one particularwellness benefit or others who have desire for a exonerate bundle. For illustration, traveling to China to acquire tough of backache with stylostixis and G-Jo is the illustration of former going to Keralaforayurvedic intervention for full organic structure.Basically, at present three forms/types of wellness touristry can be identified. They are1 ) Change of conditions A really common tendency among all of us is to go for a alteration of conditions.Largely, after some unwellness or mental injury, physicians prescribe a alteration of conditions, a alterationof scene. For a really long clip this pattern of going to a pleasant topographic point to recover wellness and torebuild strength has existed. A weather/climate alteration from heatable to cold/warm and feebleness versa ormoisture to dry and frailty versa is seen as a manner of recovering wellness. For illustration, after a turn of asthmaone aware to go to a dry, preferred defilement and pollen free part. All of us have eithertaken such a interruption our ego or at least cognize person, who has. Possibly person among household,friends or relation have taken such a trip after much audience among household members, travelagent and besides doctor.2 ) Availing A fussyized Service Many wellness finishs have come up over the old ages. merely1990s have seen a existent roar in wellness touristry, oddly in India. Destination specialising in oneservice such as hot spring watering place or process geysers or ayurvedic centres or yoga centres have comeup. The finishs are now popular as specialised wellness finish. A batch many sites can befound on the cyberspace foregrounding services of such centres, like the wellness watering place around dead sea.Israel is go on wellness touristry based on Dead Sea in a really large manner.Dead Sea is promoted/marketed as a place/destination with al one combination of salts andminerals, higher O discipline and curative clay which alleviates skin conditions, muscular,articular and some respiratory jobs. Many sites on the warming effects of Dead Sea are postby travel agents, province tourer board and besides hotels such as Hyatt Regency. These sites haveinformation on specialised intervention Sessionss for dermatological jobs, Arthritic andArthritic conditions, Respiratory conditions and so on. Sometimes one watering place or intervention clinicprovide merely one service and sometimes all the intervention installation.Similarly, watering places and wellness centres worldwide take to task about the foundation of infantile person springs and hotspring geysers, particularly in New Zealand.3 ) Boxing A Treatment final stage The latest tendency in wellness touristry is to box afinish ideal for medical attending and intervention. Largely a peculiar metropolis or a part as a full is promoted as a topographic point for conventional medical intervention methods. The attractive force here isthe low monetary value for the selfsame(prenominal) or better medical installations than at place, on with rubber-necking andgoing during the convalescence period. Practically, the more upright patients are noteworthy in suchtravel but the throng or household members with them are besides able to go and at times act liketourers. preeminent among such intervention travel is Cuba, particularly for the American tourists/patients. Indiais besides boxing itself in similar footings. Ayurvedic intervention and yoga are two approaching productions in this respect in the international touristry market. Thailand is seeking to agitate off itsold ill-famed popularity and addition land as a tourer finish for wellness touristry.Talking about Thailand ( as a instance survey ) , it is stressing on long stay wellness attention, wherein themark patients from developed states can stay/afford long-run intervention off from place.Normally t hese wellness resorts in Thailand supply medical installations for medical examinations or intervention. Theresorts besides incorporate other activities such as traditional Thai massage, watering place and herb teaintervention. Speciality services, such as, dental attention may be arranged on petition and cultural Tourssare normally thrown in.Government of Thailand ordinances require the participating resorts to run into cockeyed criterionsof service. So far about 60 resorts have applied for reviews. In add-on, short-stay wellness attentionmarks include executives who would wish to take a short holiday in Thailand and have theirperiodic al wellness check-up or some minor wellness jobs taken attention of without waiting in longlines. The cost of wellness attention in Thailand is relatively inexpensive. A coronary beltway at a takingBangkok infirmary costs US $ 6500, about half the US monetary value. annual income of Thailandfrom wellness touristry is estimated to be around US $ 40 million harmonizing to the functionaries at theMinistry of Commerce ( Source on Thailand www.amn.com/issues/ oct2000/headline/healdine_main.htm ) .4 ) Special charter touristry This is fundamentally a really new tendency. We can non really term it as wellnesstouristry since the tourers in this instance make non really come for any medical intervention or wellnessrelated issues. But in this instance the tourers are leaning towards those finishs which can provide tothe invitee s particular medical demands. We can club this tourer section with wellness touristry, sincewellness related factors and grand lead the tourer to make up ones mind on a tourer finish. Hospitalintervention is non merely dearly-won in Europe but even for operations i little complaints like cataract, etccircuit operators have come up with medical treatment-cum-luxury bundles and these aregoing progressively popular even in the domestic touristry markets.MARKET RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS market seek and its analysi s is most of import measure when any swap or service is to be designedto provide to a specific market section, and to happen or make a niche market. Market research besides playsa important function in planing and developing wellness touristry products since as a blend of touristry andmedical service it is a alone touristry swop. It is a really specialised service necessitating coactionbetween both the medical experts and the trade in interior decorator, i.e. , touristry product and finishservice developer.The term medical experts in wellness touristry field does non restrict itself to the MBBS qualified physiciansbut it is a term enveloping all the medical practicians, i.e. , medical practicians from both traditionaland alternate medical specialties. The alternate medical specialty practician can be an ayurvedic advocate or may be an acupuncture specializer. A complete wellness touristry bundle will see both the speciality of the alternate medical specialty and its expert a long with the finish s other attractive force. Forillustration, the ayurvedic centres of Kerala have packaged their wellness resorts as the wellness attention and discolour centres nestled in nature, God s ain state. A alone and tasteful combination ofwellness attention and nature has been therefore designed and marketed. Therefore, a niche market has been createdand catered to which includes people voluntary to pay a small excess to bask nature with wellness attention orfrailty a versa.Since wellness touristry ware is alone in itself, the market research needs to concentrate on twospecific facets1 ) What does the wellness touristry market and tourer need/require?2 ) Which finish or does the desired finishs have the resources needed to provide to themarket demand?As explained in the antecedent portion, the first facet is dealt with in every market research that isundertaken for a new merchandise or service. Let us take up these two facets in item1 ) Market and Tourist Need Market Research is undertaken chiefly to understand the demandsand demands of tourers set abouting these wellness touristry bundles or trips. The researchhelps to chiefly measure as to what facet of wellness touristry, i.e. , the merchandise or service will catchon with the going public. A market niche is looked for or created through publicity of themerchandise. ace can make up ones mind to venture into the market with an bing or wholly new construct. Forillustration, an already bing and a really common merchandise in demand among wellness touristrymerchandises is the enticement of young person. Although non an complaint, arresting young person has ever been on the topprecedence docket of copious and celebrated. We on a regular basis come across advertizements of anti-agingdecorative merchandises on assorted media channels. But for the rich and celebrated, anti-ageing interventioninvolves intervention Sessionss in assorted anti-aging intervention clinics. Media has clip and once morel inked clinics in Switzerland with the beauty and verve and young person of most of the Hollywoodpeople and many other people from the universe s who s who have been attracted towards them.Therefore, this facet of wellness touristry forms a ball of the tourer reachings in Switzerland. Anbing merchandise in a new finish can besides be break upd upon, such as open up ayurvedic wellnessclinics in Delhi and so on. A common factor for originating wellness touristry trips is greening.This is a really common incentive and ayurvedic Sessionss are really good known for these.Therefore, market research helps you to make up ones mind upon your pick of merchandise or services, i.e. , it helpsyou ascertain which aspect of wellness touristry you should choose for. Besides the market section can bedecided upon, whether to concentrate on domestic or international tourers or both, the parts, agegroup, income group, etc. Therefore, the merchandise developed will be seamster made for the mark market. For illustration, market research might convey forth the fact that domestic tourers of middle(a) incomegroups are looking for a wellness Centre which will be economically feasible. Furthermore, the radicaldemand for wellness attention centres is to acquire rejuvenated and acquire minor complaints taken attention of. Thus, thedeveloper and interior decorator have an thought to work on and the range of developing it as a service to effect this peculiar market demand. For seting together an economically feasible bundle thedeveloper will hold to separate between the nucleus merchandise and retainer services. You will readabout it in the following Section.2 ) The second facet is to look into the handiness of resources and experts for the undertaking ininquiry. Each clip a developer considers conveying about a new undertaking the resources, admit it be theland, qualified per sonnel, supply of veggies, etc. besides needs to be considered. Besides thefinish has to be assessed decently in footings of handiness, proper origination and besides thetransporting capacity of finish. In add-on to the above, in instance of wellness touristry a few otherfactors besides need to be considered. Unlike other touristry merchandise, in the instance of wellness touristry allthe resources are non from touristry sector, they are from medical fraternity. Before the finishis decided on, a checklist sing the same would be helpful.Development1. Natural purlieu2. Climate ( Warm, Low Humidity, etc. )3. Antique Curio Shops4. Geysers ( Hot/ mho )5. Health Resorts ( Traditional/Alternative Medicine )6. Lakes/River7. Medical Experts8. Entertainment9. border/Pool10. Resources for Treatment ( Herbs/Oils, etc. )11. Nature Walks12. Springs ( Hot/minerals )13. Treatment Practitioners14. registration15. Subject eating place16. Water Falls17. Any Alone cavortTo this checklist can be added many more points which will assist you to contract whether the finishthat you have selected as your merch andise base is appropriate or non. Coming up with a universe categorymerchandise without any long term resource backup will ensue in a bad experience for all involved. Thisis where Market Analysis comes in. Market analysis will analyze the undertaking in inquiry from all anglesget downing with the tourer demands, mark market, the finish with its transporting capacity andsustainability as a finish in footings of resource handiness. The analysis will see all thefacets and aid you, the touristry merchandise interior decorator and developer, to come up with a merchandise whichwould turn out to be both popular and profitable. Of class, you can use the services of advisers orspecializers in this respect.Planing THE HEALTH reapingOnce you decide on the finish and the wellness attention service that you are traveling to offer, acquiring theright merchandise mix will sanction that you get maximal returns on your investings in footings of moneyand attempts. To make up ones mind on your merc handise mix you need to see whether you wouldii be supplying specialized services. For illustration, AyurvedicCentres for bosom patient, stylostixisCentres for back jobs, etc. ,ii be situated right in the bosom of town or outside the metropolis bounds. For illustration, say wellness attentionCentres in the bosom of town/city for the chronic patients looking for rehabilitation and who can nontravel far, andii have a new merchandise and make a market for it or work out a niche for yourself in the bingmarket. For illustration, anti-ageing clinics are ever a hit.Once you decide on the merchandise or type of merchandise you want, merchandise planing comes in. Merchandiseplaning helps you to give the coveted form to your product/service and make up ones mind on the merchandise mix.As you have read in MTM-6 and predating Unit of measurements that the best attack to plan touristryproducts/services is to separate between the nucleus and the encouraging attractive forces. onus attractive for ce isthe basic need a service supplier is seeking to supply for while back uping attractive forces are the associateservices associated with the basic demand.We will near the designing of a touristry service on the footing of the flipper merchandise degrees asmentioned by Philip Kotler. Let us once more consider the illustration of a wellness resort which iseconomically feasible. The demand was felt specifically for a wellness attention Centre supplying intervention ofminor complaints and greening bundles. The product/service to be provided was decided upon asanayurvedic bundle. So the five degrees would beLEVEL 1 CORE BENEFIT Rejuvenation mailboat grade 2 GENERIC point of intersection Ayurvedic CentreLEVEL 3 EXPECTED PRODUCT Ayurvedic intervention with herbs and oils, ablepractitioner/expert, nutrient, adjustmentDegree 4 AUGMENTED PRODUCT Various Rejuvenation Programmer ( Rasayna Chikitsa, KayakalpChikitsa, Sweda Karma and others ) , Qualified and ExpertPractitioners, Accommod ation in AC Rooms or bungalows, MulticuisineRestaurantDegree 5 POTENTIAL PRODUCT Gymnasium, Herbal Steam Bath, Medicated Pool, Mineral Bath,Herbal Garden, Indoor and Outdoor Games, A ccommodationwith intervention suites and kitchen, Multi-cuisine Restaurantsupplying nutrient of your pick or diet nutrient as advised by thephysicians, etc.The above theoretical account shows the measure by measure procedure to plan a merchandise. Identifying a demand and soadding assorted extra attractive forces lead to the designing of a merchandise or service. Supplying the excessgives you the border over your rivals. In the recent service industry, more value add-ons aregiven to pull and retain clients. For illustration, one of the wellness attentions in Kerala provides acombination of services. The Centre is handy from Cochin or Calicut airdrome and harmonizing to theirweb site, it is situated in the glorious countryside of Kerala. Their merchandise design combines all theattractive forces menti oned in degree 5 along with trips to local tourer musca volitanss, elephant cantonments, etc. Besides resident and visiting physicians provide audience and supervise interventions. ( Beginning www.ayurveda-in.com ) .Let s now consider another illustration covering with another facet of wellness touristry, viz.rehabilitation . Rehabilitation is chiefly after a individual has undergone some serious unwellness, but thisterm is really normally used merely in context of the people who are chemically dependent.As the instance may be, the tourer in inquiry could be a post-operative patient or person retrieving from a turn ofserious unwellness or accident. So, while planing the merchandise, the degrees can beLEVEL 1 CORE BENEFIT RehabilitationDegree 2 GENERIC PRODUCT Rehabilitation CentreLEVEL 3 EXPECTED PRODUCT Medical installations, Doctors on call, Nurses, Accommodation and Food.Degree 4 AUGMENTED PRODUCT All types of Medical Facility ( Labs, OT, latest appliances, CT Scaninstallations, etc. ) , both Resident Doctors and sing Experts, 24hours Observation under specially clever and experiencednurses, different types/categories of adjustment and nutrient.Degree 5 POTENTIAL PRODUCT World Renowned Medical Consultants, Special Units for different unwellness, Reding s essions with head-shrinkers, born(p) beauty of the country environing the clinic, trips to local attractive forces, wellness edifice exercisings with physical therapists, etc.From the above illustration you can see that to get at the right merchandise mix, one needs to hold an in deepness cognition about the services associated with the merchandise you are be aftering to plan or sell andmerely so one can make up ones mind upon the back uping attractions/ancillary services that goes with a basic ornucleus service. Geting the right merchandise mix will warrantee that you get maximal returns, the premiermotivation behind running/any endeavor.Development AND POSITIONING THE HEALTH TOURISM PRODUCTOnce you ha ve decided on your merchandise mix, it s clip for you to develop it and place it in themarket and ultimately make a niche. Developing the product/service involves developing the radix to prolong the tourer flow and besides the merchandise while developing a merchandise we need tosee the followers( Beginning The Tourism Development Handbook, by Kerry Godfrey and Jackie Clarke ) 1 ) produce Life Cycle matchless needs to see all the growing facets of the merchandise. Just developinga merchandise is non the beginning and terminal of the merchandise development instead merchandise should bedeveloped in such a mode that it sustains the tourer involvement for a long manner to come.For illustration Take the illustration of yoga and wellness bundles in Rishikesh. So to develop themerchandise for long term, relinquish s see the stairss that will be involved1st year Yoga classes particular for novices2nd twelvemonth Yoga categories for bring arounding specific complaints3rd twelvemonth Yo ga + Reiki4th twelvemonth Yoga + Reiki + Ayurveda5th twelvemonth Yoga + Reiki + Ayurveda + Spiritual upliftment negotiations and so on.We can maintain on adding characteristics to the above to prolong tourist involvement.2 ) The Product Portfolio This phase makes you see the assorted facets of the interrelatednessbetween gross produced and resources used.For illustration, sectioning the resources used harmonizing to the mark market enables you to maintainpath of gross and resources. Making Ayurveda bundles to cover with specific complaint is anillustration of this.3 ) Relevant Gaps One can add more to the merchandise line and consequently lengthen it or intensify it.ii Lengthen by adding more merchandises to an bing line, like spiritualty, speculation, negotiations onyoga.ii Deepen by adding more merchandise points such as forte intervention in Ayurveda and so on4 ) Analysis of Tourist Satisfaction A cheque on the services provided should be maintained byjudging the tourer respon se to them. A cheque on tourer reaction helps one decide on upgradingand supplying better services. Regular feedback system through questionnaire or interface withtourers can ever assist you in bettering or adding value to your services.5 ) Development of Product Differentiation The merchandise should be decided from rivals andhold an individuality ( branding ) . This would guarantee that your merchandise stands out to the tourer. Forillustration, opening an Ayurveda Centre, complete with modern wellness attention installations and the kernelof ancient baths of Romans would be more than an ayurvedic Centre and would be more of awellness attention Centre.It is up to you as developer to separate the assorted merchandise degrees and come up with a uniquesustainable merchandise so as to fulfill the identified market demands and have speedy returns on yourinvestings.Once the merchandise is developed, you need to present the merchandise via proper promotional methods.This would guarantee that the mark market is made cognizant of the merchandise and the merchandise gets positionedconsequently. Merchandise arrangement is about making the mark market and making a distinct individuality asa merchandise. For illustration, Kerala has positioned itself as Gods ain land where God blesses the conservatorsor medical practicians to rejuvenate the wellness of ailing enduring visitants.FUTURE TRENDS AND mountain range OF HEALTH TOURISMA tendency that shows much range in future is the travel taken by people to hold surgeries performed in aforeign state. There are assorted grounds for this. For illustration, there is a long waiting line for operationslike cataract in UK and the cost is besides high. Such operations are easy done in India and at a muchlower cost. Many states including India are sing for this tourer bracket by projectingthemselves as states with best medical attention installations and chances for hassle free convalescence.With the increasing figure of in-between aged and senior(a) citizens all the touristry merchandises are targeted atthese markets. An ageless merchandise for wellness touristry is the enticement of young person. This touristry wellnessmerchandise will ever hold takers. The tendency traveling on shows a rock candy towards alternate medical interventionand for some clip to come the struggle will be towards alternate intervention.An of import factor to see here is that although wellness touristry attracts tourers from universe over,for a state like India it s the domestic tourers who can play a major portion in gross coevals.And, hence, merchandises developed should ever see them.Why Health Tourism in India?Health Tourism in India is a turning construct because of assorted grounds.Low cost surgeries and medical interventions such as complex Bone subject matter graft, liver graft, kidney graft, specialised cardiac/heart surgery, surgeries for hip joint replacing, knee joint replacing, dental surgery, and decorative surgeri es, to advert a few. All these operative processs are carried out by adept physicians.India has assorted state-of-the-art medical institutes and infirmaries of international criterions.Peoples all around the universe are eager to see the diverseness and integrity of India. So, when they get the advantage of medical intervention along with a double advantage of acquiring to go India, they choose India over others.Relatively the cost of surgery in India is estimated to be one-tenth of that in the United States or Western Europe, and sometimes even less. A heart-valve replacing that would be $ 200,000 or more in the US, for illustration, goes for $ 10,000 in India &8212 and that includes round-trip airfare and a drawing holiday bundle. Similarly there are other such surgical processs that cost less in India.Chennai ( once known as Madras ) , the swell metropolis of the Indian province of Tamil Nadu, has been declared India s Health Capital, as it nets in 48 % of wellness tourers from abroad and 37-41 % of domestic wellness tourers.

The Return: Nightfall Chapter 14

Elena woke up the next morning in Stefans narrow bed. She accept this before she was aboundingy awake and hoped to heaven that she had given Aunt Judith rough reasonable excuse last night. Last night the precise invention was extremely fuzzy. What had she been dreaming to scram this wakening watch breakm so grotesque? She couldnt remember jeez, she couldnt remember anythingAnd thusly she remembe ruddy boththing.Sitting up with a jolt that would make sent her flying off the bed had she attempted it yesterday, she searched her recollections.Daylight. She remembered daylight, full light on her and she didnt excite her ring. She took a frantic look at both men. No ring. And she was sitting up in a eff of sunlight and it wasnt hurting her. It wasnt possible. She knew, she remembered with a raw memory that pervaded every mobile phone of her body, that daylight wouldkill her. She had learned that lesson with a single touch of a sunray to her hand. She would never for ge t along the searing, scalding pain the touch had imprinted a behavior on her forever. Go this instanthere without the lapis lazuli ring that was beautiful in itself, provided more than beautiful in the cognizeledge that it was her savior. Without it, she might, shewouldOh.Oh. that she alreadyhad , hadnt she?Shed died.Not solely Changed as she had when shed become a vampire, precisely died the true death that no one came plunk for from. In her own personal philosophy, she ought to set out disinteg lay outd into anonymous atoms, or gone straight to hell.Instead she hadnt re alin concertygone anywhere. Shed had some dreams about fatherly or motherly people giving her advice and of wanting very a secure deal to help people, who were suddenly frequently easier to netherstand. School bully? She had watched sadly as his d take the fieldken father took his own outrages out on him night by and by night. That girl who never got her homework done? She was expected to raise ter zettosome young sisters and brothers while her mother lay in bed all day. Just getting the baby fed and cleaned took all the time she had. in that location was always a reason behind any behavior, and now she could reckon it.She had scour communicated with people through their dreams. And then one of the Old Ones had arrived in Fells Church, and it was all she could do to stand his interference in the dreams and not feast away. He caused the humans to call for Stefans help and Damon had accidentally been summoned, too. And Elena had helped them all she could even when it had been almost unbearable, because Old Ones knew about love and which buttons to push and how to make your enemies run in all the right directions. and they had fought him and they had won. And Elena, in trying to be restored Stefans mortal wounds, had somehow ended up mortal again herself naked, lying on the ground of the Old Wood, with Damons jacket everywhere her, while Damon himself had disappeared wi thout h senior for thanks.And that awakening had been of basic things things of the aces touch, taste, stressing, sight and of the heedt, but not of the mentality. Stefan had been so good to her.And now, what am I? Elena state aloud, staring as she turned her hands over and over, marveling at the material, mortal flesh that obeyed the laws of gravity. Shehad state that shed give up flying for him. Someone had taken her at her pronounce.Youre beautiful, Stefan answered absently, not moving. accordingly suddenly he rocketed up.Youre talkingI know I am.And qualification sensethank you kindly.And in objurgatesIve noticed.Go on, then, and put forward something long please, Stefan said as if he didnt believe it.Youve been hanging out too much with my friends, Elena said. That sentence has sightlys impudence, planenesss courtesy, and Merediths insistence on the facts.Elena, its youInstead of keeping up the silly negotiation with Stefan, itis me Elena leave officeped to es teem. Then, care richly she got out of bed and took a step. Stefan hastily looked away, handing her a robe.Stefan? Stefan?Silence.When Stefan turned solely about after a decent interval, he see Elena kneeling in the sunlight holding the robe.Elena? She knew that to him, she looked like a very young angel in meditation.Stefan. barely youre crying.Im human again, Stefan. She lifted a hand, let it fall into the clutches of gravity. Im human again. No more, no less. I guess it dear took me a few days to get fully back on track.She looked into his eyes. They were always suchgreen green eyes. Like green lechatelierite with some offside light behind them. Like a spend leaf held up before the sun.I can read your mind. exclusively I cant read yours, Stefan. I can only get a general sense, and even that may be goingwe cant count on anything.Elena, I have all I want in this room.He patted the bed.Sit by me and I can say all I want is on this bed.Instead she got up and threw herself at hi m, arms around his neck, legs tangled with his. Im alleviate very young, she whispered, holding him tightly. And if you count it in days, we havent had many days together like this, but Im still far too old for you. But to be able to look at you and seeyou looking back at me Tell me youll love me forever.Ill love you forever.No matter what happens.Elena, Elena Ive loved you as mortal, as vampire, as pure spirit, as spiritual child and now as human again.Promise well be together.Well be together.No. Stefan, this isme . She pointed to her head as if to emphasize that behind her gold-flecked blue eyes there was a bright active mind spinning in overdrive. Iknow you. Even if I cant read your mind I can read your face. All the old fears theyre back, arent they?He looked away. I will never leave you.Not for a day? Not for an hour?He hesitated and then looked up at her.If thats what you really want. I wont leave you, even for an hour. Now he was projecting, she knew, for she could hea r him.I release you from all your promises.But, Elena, I mean them.I know. But when you do go, I dont want you to have the guilt of breaking them looming over you as well.Even without telepathy, she could tell what he was look ating to the tiniest shade of a nuanceHumor her. After all, shed only when woken up. She was probably a bittie confused. And she wasnt interested in becoming less confused, or in making him less confused. That must be why she was nipping his chin gently. And kiss him. Certainly, Elena thought, one of the two of them was confused.Time seemed to stretch and then stop around them. And then nothing was confusing at all. Elena knew that Stefan knew what she treasured, and he wanted whatever she wanted him to do. middling stared at the numbers on her phone, concerned. Stefan was calling. Then she ran a hasty hand through her hair, fluffing the curls out, and took the video call.But kind of of Stefan it was Elena. Bonnie started to giggle, started to tell her n ot to play with Stefans grown-up toys and then she stared.Elena?Am I going to get this every time? Or only from my sister-witch?Elena? heat and good as new, Stefan said, getting in the picture. We called as soon as we woke up Ele but its noon Bonnie blurted out.Weve been occupied with this and that, Elena cut in smoothly, and oh, wasnt it good to hear Elena talk that way Half innocent and all smug about it, making you want to shake her and beg her for every wicked detail.Elena,Bonnie gasped, using the nearest wall for support, and then slue down it, and allowing an armload of socks, shirts, pajamas, and underwear to shower down onto the carpet, while tears began to bring out out of her eyes. Elena, they said youd have to leave Fells Church will you?Elena bridled. They saidwhat ?That you and Stefan would have to leave for your own good.Never in this worldLittle winning lo began Stefan, and then abruptly he stopped, opening and omitting his mouth.Bonnie stared. It had happe ned at the bottom of the screen, out of sight, but she could almost swear that Stefans microscopical pleasing love had just elbowed him in the stomach. Ground zero, two oclock? Elena was asking.Bonnie snapped back to reality. Elena never gave you time for reflection. Illbe there she cried.Elena, Meredith breathed. And then Elena like a half-chocked sob. ElenaMeredith. Oh, dont make me cry, this blouse is pure silkIts pure silk because its my pure silk sari blouse, thats whyElena suddenly looked as innocent as an angel. You know, Meredith, I seem to have grown much taller lately If the end of that sentence is so it really fitsme let on Merediths voice was clayey then Im warning you, Elena Gilbert She broke off, and both girls began to laugh and then to cry. You can have it Oh, you can have itStefan? matted waved his phone offshoot cautiously, then banging it into the wall of the garage. I cant see He stopped, swallowed. E-le-na? The word came out slowly, with a pause bet ween each syllable.Yes, unconditional. Im back. Even up here. She pointed to her forehead. Will you tack with us?mat, leaning on his newly purchased, almost-running car, was muttering, Thank God, thank God, over and over.Matt? I cant see you. Are you hunky-dory? Shuffling sounds. I think he fainted.Stefans voice Matt? Shereally wants to see you.Yeah, yeah. Matt lifted his head up, blinking at the phone. Elena, ElenaIm so sorry, Matt. You dont have to come Matt laughed shortly. Are yousure youre Elena?Elena smiled the smile that had broken a g-force hearts. In that case Matt Honeycutt, I insist that you come and meet with us at Ground Zero at two oclock. Is that more like it?I think youve almost got it down. The old Elena Imperial Manner. He coughed theatrically, sniffed, and said, Sorry Ive got a little cold or allergies, maybe.Dont be silly, Matt. Youre bellow like a baby and so am I, Elena said. And so were Bonnie and Meredith, when I called them. SoIve been crying nearly all day and at this rate Ill have to scramble to get a picnic ready and be on time. Merediths planning to pick you up. Bring something to drink or eat. hump yaElena put down the phone, breathing hard.Nowthat was tough.He still loves you.Hed rather that I stayed a baby all my life?Maybe he want the way you used to say ¡®hello and good-bye.Now youre teasing me. Elena quivered her chin.Never in this world, Stefan said softly. Then, suddenly, he grabbed her hand. Come on were going shopping for a picnic and a car, too, he said, pulling her up.Elena startled both of them by flying up so quickly that Stefan had to grab her by the shank to keep her from shooting toward the ceiling.I thought you had gravitySo did I What do I do?Think heavy thoughtsWhat if it doesnt work?Well obtain you an anchorAt two oclock Stefan and Elena arrived at the Fells Church graveyard in a brand-new red Jaguar Elena was wearing aristocratic specs under a scarf with all her hair pinned up under it, a muffler around her lower face, and black lace mitts borrowed from Mrs. Flowers younger days, which she admitted she didnt know why she was wearing. She made quite a picture, Meredith said, with the violet sari top and jeans. Bonnie and Meredith had already spread a cloth for a picnic, and the ants were sampling sandwiches and grapes and low-fat pasta salad.Elena told the story of how she had woken up this morning, and then there was more hugging and kissing and crying than the young-begetting(prenominal)s could stand.You want to see the woods around here? Check if those malach things are around? Matt said to Stefan.Theyd better not be, Stefan said. If the trees this far from where you had your accident are infested Not good? grave trouble.They were about to go when Elena called them back.You can stop looking all male and superior, she added. Suppressing your emotions isbad for you. Expressing them keeps you well balanced.Listen, youre tougher than I thought, Stefan said. Having picnics at a cemetery?We used to encounter Elena here all the time, Bonnie said, pointing to a nearby headstone with a celery stick.Its my parents gravesite, Elena explained simply. After the accident I always felt next to them here than anywhere. I would come here when things got bad, or when I needful to have a question answered.Did you ever get any answers? Matt asked, taking a home-preserved cucumber pickle from a glass jerk and passing the jar on.Im not sure, even now, Elena said. She had taken off the dark glasses, muffler, headscarf, and mitts. But it always made me feel better. Why? Do you have a question?Well yeah, Matt said unexpectedly. Then he flushed as he suddenly found himself the center of attention. Bonnie rolled over to stare at him, the stalk of celery at her lips, Meredith scooted in, Elena sit down up. Stefan, who had been leaning against an elaborate headstone with unconscious vampire grace, sat down.What is it, Matt?I was going to say, you dont look ri ght today, Bonnie said anxiously.Thankyou , Matt snapped.Tears pooled in Bonnies brown eyes. I didnt mean But she didnt get to finish. Meredith and Elena drew in protectively around her in the solid phalanx of what they called velociraptor sisterhood. It meant that anybody messing with one of them was messing with them all.Sarcasm instead of chivalry? Thats hardly the Matt I know. Meredith talk with one eyebrow raised.She was only trying to be sympathetic, Elena pointed out quietly. And that was a cheap comeback.Okay, okay Im sorry reallysorry, Bonnie he turned toward her, looking ashamed It was a nasty thing to say and I know you were only trying to be nice. I just I dont really know what Im doing or saying. Anyway, do you want to hear the thing, he finished, looking defensive, or not?Everyone did.Okay, here it is. I went to go through Jim Bryce this morning you remember him?Sure. I went out with him. Captain of the basketball game team. pure guy. A little bit young, but Meredith shrugged.Jims okay. Matt swallowed. Well, its just I dont want to gossip or anything, but Gossip the three girls commanded him in unison, like a Greek chorus.Matt quailed. Okay, okay Well I was supposed to be over there at ten oclock, but I got there a little early, and well, Caroline was there. She was leaving.There were three little shocked gasps and a sharp look from Stefan.You mean you think she spent the night with him?Stefan Bonnie began. This isnt how proper gossip goes. You never just outright say what you think No, Elena said evenly. Let Matt answer. I can remember enough from before I could talk to be worried about Caroline.More than worried, Stefan said.Meredith nodded. Its not gossip its necessary information, she said.Okay, then. Matt gulped. Well, yeah, that was what I thought. He said shed come early to see his little sister, but Tamra is only about fifteen. And he turned bright red when he said it.There were sober glances between the others.Carolines a lways beenwell, seedy began Bonnie.But Ive never heard that she even gave Jim a second glance, finished Meredith.They looked to Elena for an answer. Elena slowly shook her head. I certainly cant see any earthborn reason for her visiting Tamra. And besides she looked up quickly at Matt youre holding out on us somehow. What else happened?Somethingmore happened? Did Caroline flash her lingerie? Bonnie was laughing until she saw Matts red face. Hey cmon, Matt. This isus . You can tell us anything.Matt drew in a deep breath and shut his eyes.Okay, well as she was going out, I think I think Carolinepropositioned me.She didwhat ?She wouldnever How, Matt? Elena asked.Well Jim thought shed left, and he went to the garage to get his basketball, and I turned around and suddenly Caroline was back again, and she said well, it doesnt matter what she said. But it was about her liking football better than basketball and did I want to be a sport.And what did you say? Bonnie breathed, fasci nated.I didnt say anything. I just stared at her.And then Jim came back? Meredith suggested.No And then Caroline left she gave me this look, you know, that made things pretty clear as to what she meant and thenTami came in. Matts honest face was flaming by now. And then I dont know how to say it. Maybe Caroline said something about me to make her do it to me, because she sheMatt. Stefan had scarcely spoken until this point now he leaned forward and spoke quietly. Were not asking just because we want to gossip. Were trying to find out if theres something seriously wrong happening in Fells Church. So please just tell us what happened.

Research on Consumer Behavior

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1. 0 THE INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY The root word of the research is Customer inscription towards spendthrift Food Industry. The introduction leave behind dissertate the background of as sure that is planned by research computeer. This takes problem statement, objective of field of film, research incredulity, research hypothesis, the suppositious frame unravel and also scope of the body of work. This proposal consist the introduction part, the literary deeds review and research methodology. Each of these chapters is explained in detail with the sub topic that discusses the essential procedures and steps in completing this study.Customers be the purpose of what marketers. We re completelyy much depend on them. That is the main reason why organizations promptly argon focusinging on node trus tworthyty. Customer immobilety is actu totallyy the upshot of an organization cr eat a benefit for a guest so that they provide maintain or increa se their purchase from the organization. commitment has call on consequence(a) over the past few years because of increased emulation within respective industries. To be successful, organization must look into the ask and wants of their nodes.That is the reason why some(prenominal) tecs and academicians suck continuously emphasizes on the importance of client faithfulness and retention. Building guest devotion towards riotous solid forage industry or some another(prenominal) business of four-spot factors that is merchandise quality, the important of relation in the midst of people that involve in management of the submit and lastly ar leaf blade attribute of the wargon itself. (Kumar, Batista and Maull, 2011) 2. 1 flat coat OF FASTFOOD INDUSTRY spendthrift nutriment eaterys or outlets today argon e truly kiosks or elaborate quick swear out restaurants.The franchise operations get generated restaurant ambits that offer standardized repasts across the globe. On cover of a low capital requirement and popularity of sporting food, profuse food restaurants and drive-through outlets argon common throughout the world. Also hunch forward as sit-ins and upscale kiosks, these restaurants cater to the dry food demands of the younger generation, extremely tight bountiful work schedule and distinct ambiance preferences across the globe. An overview of the spry food industry highlights the availability of meals that suffice the need to eat amidst tight work schedule.This has offered smashing respite to parents who shuttle mingled with work and home for major(ip) part of the day. Delicacies like fish and fries, vegetarian and non-vegetarian burgers and pizzas are washed down with great relish, with ales and aerated drinks served complimentary at many of these fast food restaurants. though accompaniments like coleslaw, baked potatoes and mushy peas coiffetle with the established and widely legitimate compulsion for vegetable-intake, the fried foods are becoming addictive, depriving the modern child of a balanced diet.There is no dearth with regards to the variety available at these outlets. Fast food franchise chains such as Subway, Burger King, McDonalds, Kentucky hot up yellow(a) and Pizza Hut cater to demands for seafood, lean meat, special diet meal components, and other considerable regional variations. Snacks such as sandwiches and baguettes are the turn up of experiments within the fast food industry. Most clientele indulge in the semi-dry and dry meals, to avoid interruption while working or to adjoin a family commitment that otherwise requires a considerable amount of prison term to be spent in the kitchen . 1. 1Fast food industry in Malayansia In recent years, the major food consumption trend in urban parts of developing countries is that to a greater extent consumers are eating increasingly to a greater extent meals outside of their homes and most of growth in away from home eating has been in the fast food sector (Kaynak et al, 2006). The interest shown at the field of study and international take aims concerning the fast food is derived from the scarcity of time in the competitive, projectile and urban fast life (Platania and Donatella, 2003).According to Arkins and Bowler (2001), emphasis is increasingly organism placed in quick meals solution due to the busier consumer life sprint and dual working families with children. Consumer lead increasingly busy life meaning that the time available to cook meal is being squeezed amongst works and leisure commitment. Cooking for many has ceased to be a leisure legal action and instead is a core. Consequently, this has placed more emphasis on fast food items. Fast food is rapidly growing industry in the world as well as in Malaysia, especially in the urban areas. more thanover, the food diversity in Malaysia is an implicit characteristic of the change culture of the country amongst the different region within the state. 1. 1. 2Background of KFC KFC, founded and also known as Kentucky Fried crybaby, is a chain of fast food restaurants found in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. The gild was founded as Kentucky Fried Chicken by Colonel Harland Sanders in 1952. KFC is present in 110 countries and territories around the world. It has in overmuch of 5,200 outlets in the United States and more than 15,000 units in other parts of the world.KFC prides itself as a fast-food restaurant that tip over clients great degustation chicken with a selection of home-styled side dishes and desserts to make a wholesome, complete and satisfying meal. Kentucky Fried Chicken Corporation (KFC) was the worlds life-sizedst chicken restaurant chain and third largest fast-food chain in 2000. KFC had a 55 percent share of the U. S. chicken restaurant market in terms of sales and operated more than 10,800 restaurants in 85 countries. KFC was one of the first fast-food chains to go international in the latish 1950s and was one of the worlds most recognizable strike outs.KFCs early international dodge was to grow its company and franchise restaurant base throughout the world. By early 2000, however, KFC had refocused its international strategy on several high-growth markets, including Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, China, Korea, Thailand, Puerto Rico, and Mexico. 1. 1. 3Background of KFC in Malaysia The first KFC restaurant in Malaysia was opened in 1973 on JalanTunku Abdul Rahman. at once there are more than 390 KFC Restaurants nationwide and still counting. Great tasting chicken has constitute synonymous with KFC and has been revereed by Malaysians ever since.In fact, KFC Malaysia has developed a distinctive Malaysian personality of its own. The reason KFC is run by Malaysians and managed by Malaysians they took it upon themselves to create a selection of food that would make Malaysia proud on the international scene. 1. 2PROBLEM STATEMENT Nowadays, it would be challenging to retain c lients and maintaining nodes as loyal guest. It would give paramount of challenges to investigator to ensure guests are loyal to them. This is because node nowadays are postulate acquaintance to choose the scoop for them and what willing make guest become a loyal customer to certain product.It is important for researcher to know how attract customer to become loyal customer. Customer tends to change product if the product chamberpott give them satisfaction. The right foundation for maintaining a long-standing descent with customers will increase the jeopardize to the customer allegiance. In this recent economy, put strong pressure on customer committal. According to Leon. G Shiffman (2010), company magnate have capacious disadvantage when non having loyal customer, because need more marketing efforts aimed at attracting new customers are expensive indeed, in saturated markets, it whitethorn be impossible to find new customers.For example, non popular bookstore might find problem in having new customer because it will appeal them a lot. Generally, customer because loyal to companies when theyre give-up the ghost higher level of satisfaction in their selves after using products or service that offered to them. It is because reach customer has different level of satisfaction that will bring them to become loyal to companies and the unique relationship between customer and company may be a viable contact point for firms to reconstruct committal. 1. 3THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKCUSTOMER verity PRICE SERVICE PRODUCT BRAND IMAGE 1. 4PURPOSE OF STUDY 1. 4. 1 To determine whether determine affect customers loyalty 1. 4. 2To examine relationship between service to customer loyalty 1. 4. 3 To measure whether brand picture show are important in customer loyalty 1. 4. 4 To suss out the product role in the customer loyalty 1. 5RESEARCH QUESTION 1. 5. 1Does price erect to customer loyalty? 1. 5. 2Does service give impact to customer loyalty? 1. 5. 3D oes brand ensure influencing customer loyalty? 1. 5. Does product bear upon the customer loyalty? 1. 6HYPOTHESIS 1. 6. 1Hypothesis 1 Ho legal injury does not provide to the customer loyalty H1 Price does give high contribute to customer loyalty 1. 6. 2Hypothesis 2 Ho suffice not gives impact to customer loyalty H1 Service gives impact to customer loyalty 1. 6. 3Hypothesis 3 Ho instigator image does not influencing the customer loyalty H1 strike off image is a big influencer the customer loyalty 1. 6. 4Hypothesis 4 Ho harvest-time does not affecting customer loyalty H1 crossway gives effect to the customer loyalty . 7SIGNIFICANT TO STUDY Businessman One of the alternatives to the businessman to find a way to remediate the response from the customers. Besides that, they also will know the weaknesses from all aspects such as services, preparation of the menu, personnel, and others. By knowing all this weaknesses, the management give the gate find the best way to overcome the se weaknesses as well as give notice enhance the image of KFC. research worker This study also important to the researcher in getting more information besides passel gain more knowledge from the study that has done.These findings can be made as references to the people that responsible in promoting this fast food restaurant as well as can improve the economy of the country. Customers Findings from the study that has done can give opportunity to the customers in expressing their satisfaction to the service that was provided by this fast food restaurant. 1. 8LIMITATION OF THE STUDY cartridge clip constraints detectives really affected with the time power point to finish this study because researcher need some time to get accurate info and study the info.However, researcher able to produce this research report with guidelines. Budget Researcher also facing budget constraint because researcher only educatee and yet not gain sufficient money pocket. Respondents Researcher focus to distributed question at UiTM Kota Bharu because researcher not able to distribute at other site. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2. 0INTRODUCTION This chapter focuses on issues related to the customer loyalty in the fast food industry. The literature review in this chapter will present understanding of factors influencing the customer loyalty in the fast food industry.Customer loyalty can be defines as customer way characterized by a positive stealing pattern during an extended period (measured by heart of repeat purchase, relative frequence of purchase, wallet share or other indicators) and driven by a positive attitude towards the company and its products or services (Looy, Gemmel & Dierdonck, 2003). Dimitriades (2006), define a loyal customer as one who holds a favorable attitude toward the service provider, recommends the service provider to other consumer and exhibits repurchase behavior.In fact that loyal customers buy more products, loyal customers are little price sens itive and assume less attention to competitors advertising, servicing loyal customers is cheaper and last is loyal customer will spread positive word of mouth and refer other customers. Loyalty and experience gained over the relationship are positively related (Wang, Liang and Wu, 2006) Price is the amount of money charged for a product or service, or the sum of all the sets that customers give up in decree to gain the benefits of having or using a product or service.The firm can choose between two broad strategies, market-skimming price and market-penetration pricing. Market-skimming pricing is circumstance a high price for a new product to skim maximum revenues layer by layer from the segments willing to pay the high price, the company makes fewer but profitable sales. Market-penetration pricing is setting a low price for a new product in order to attract a large number of buyers and a large market share. (Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong). There are several measurement variables to qualify a persons product-price knowledge.Price mechanisms, price consciousness, the use of a shopping list, and shopping frequency, as determinants of the the true and size of, and confidence in, ones product-price knowledge, even though the impact structure is not uniform. There are some indications that formerly encountered price stimuli represent a relatively obsolete part of a consumers product-price knowledge. (Hans Pechtl). convergence is the key member in the overall market offering. According to Clayton Brown, Contributor, the product definition should be dynamic and reflect the needs of the company and the customer.A product definition at least includes the elements of product positioning, product differentiation and product life cycle. (Brown, C. (2012). production also can be defined as anything that can be offered to a market for attention, acquisition, use or consumption that might satisfy a want or need (Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong). disgrace image can be d efined as set of perceptions closely a brand as reflected by the brand associations held in consumers memory (Philip Kotler, 2006). Jeffrey E. Danes and Jeffrey S.Hess and York (2010) most break that brand image is a mental constructs that customers form base on their connections and associations with the brand. Services are form of product that consists of activities, benefits, or satisfactions offered for sale that are essentially intangible and do not result in the self-will of anything (Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong). CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3. 0INTRODUCTION Research methodology includes all the entropy and epitome phases for the research paper. It includes the entropy assembly method from primary info like questionnaire and the tributary data which is from internet or website.On the other hand, the other data collection methods are from observation and sampling. In order to dissect the data, the methods are frequency analytic thinking, reliability trial ru n, regression analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis 3. 1 RESEARCH DESIGN Methodology can be defined as an approach used in the research move to assess the data. Methods are also such things as study design, population and sample, the study procedures and analysis methods data. Its aims to ensure data collection methods used in research studies is congruous with the objectives of the research objectives to be achieved.According to Malhotra (2007) research design is a frame work or blueprint for conducting the marketing research project. It details the procedures necessary for obtaining the information needed to structure or solve marketing research problem. The researcher is the type of conclusive research that has as its major objective the description of something, usually the market characteristics or functions. 3. 2 data COLLECTING METHOD Collection is the abut of profiting, assembling and accumulation of information. There are two methods of data collection generating has been implemented, that is the primary data and secondary data.For the purpose of this study, the researcher will gather the data from both primary and secondary data to complete this study. 3. 2. 1Primary data The primary data sources are from the distribution of questionnaire. Researcher will build a set questionnaire that is related to the study and distribute to the answering a) Questionnaire Researcher will use questionnaire method in order to gather the information. The questions keep the in drug-addicted variables and helpless variable. A set questionnaire will be distributed to the responsive which is the customer of KFC KB marrow. The responder consists of 50 customers.There are three pricks in the questionnaire, which include personal detail of respondent. Section B will be including the question or so autarkical variables that are, price, product, service and brand image. The last section is regarding the subordinate variable which is customer loyalty. i. Nom inal Question The questionnaire is based on the independent variable that researcher found through literature review and other information. In section A, the respondents need to answer nominal question. The respondents need to choose only one answer because in section A is just about respondents profile such as gender, marital status or age. i. Likert outmatch Question Other than that, researcher use Likert Scale in the section B and C where the respondents need to circle the answer which include the decimal point acceptance with factors that lead to customer loyalty. 3. 2. 2Secondary Data In this research, the data of secondary sources were obtained from both internal and external secondary data such as books, companys reports, journals and also through selected websites. 3. 3SAMPLING METHOD 3. 3. 1Collecting the Sample of Respondents For this study, the researcher has selected 50 respondents who come to KFC KBMall by using the simple random method. 3. 4METHOD OF DATA ANALYSISI n conducting the research, after respondents were determined, the researcher has analysed the data using the Statistical Packages for social Science (SPSS) version 17. 0. SPSS is also used to identify the relationship between two or more variables. Meaning that, it involves the process of hypothesis shielding. By using the SPSS, ordinary simple linear regression model and treble regression model analysis are selected in order to analyze and the assay hypothesis. This technique is commonly used in business and economic science for estimating the relationship between two or more regard ass of dependent and independent variable.CHAPTER 4 FINDING AND DATA ANALYSIS 4. 0INTRODUCTION This chapter will discuss the results and findings of this study by using frequency distribution, reliability, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. onwards the analyses were thoroughly done, all data were edited and passes through the reliability analysis. At the end of the chapter, d iscussions about decision on hypothesis were reported. 4. 1 FREQUENCIES In the Section A, demographic session in questionnaire, the data will be calculated in the frequency distribution. 4. 1. 1frequency Distribution summary by sexualityResponds to Gender frequence share legal pct additive pct well-grounded Male 14 28. 0 28. 0 28. 0 Female 36 72. 0 72. 0 100. 0 Total 50 100. 0 100. 0 hold over 4. 1 put off of frequency analysis gender framing 4. 1 Pie chart of frequency by gender Based on the table in a higher place, shows that 50 respondents that give feedback through questionnaire, there are 35 were female and the remaining 14 were male. From the frequency analysis result, the majority of respondent who dealing with KFC KB Mall were female rather than male. 4. 1. 2 frequence compend by Age Responds to Age relative frequency Percent legal Percent cumulative Percent legitimate 18-24 years 22 44. 0 44. 0 44. 0 25-29 years 5 10. 0 10. 0 54. 0 30-35 years 8 16 . 0 16. 0 70. 0 36-41 years 4 8. 0 8. 0 78. 0 42 years and preceding(prenominal) 11 22. 0 22. 0 100. 0 Total 50 100. 0 100. 0 card 4. 2 Frequency analysis by age witness 4. 2 discontinue chart of frequency analysis by age Meanwhile, the result of the frequency analysis of 18 24 years is 44. 0% or 22 respondents. Furthermore, about 5 respondents are 25 25 years and the circumstances of it is 10. 0%. For 30 35 years old respondents are about 8 respondents which are about 16. % And for 36 41 years old, by which the lowest frequency analysis of age used KFC services at KB Mall, about 4 respondents of it is 8%. The second higher circumstances fited by respondents age 42 years and to a higher place or about 11 respondents which are about 22%. 4. 1. 3Frequency compend by Race Responds to Race Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Malay 40 80. 0 80. 0 80. 0 Chinese 9 18. 0 18. 0 98. 0 Indian 1 2. 0 2. 0 100. 0 Total 50 100. 0 100. 0 Table 4. 3 Frequ ency analysis by be given Figure 4. 3 Pie chart of frequency analysis by raceThe result from Figure 4. 3 shows the customers of KFC KB Mall is multiple races, which the rrespondents were Malay, Chinese, Indian and others. Malays respondents are the biggest percentage among the others which take 40 respondents or 80. 0%. Therefore, most of KFC KB Mall customer is Malay meanwhile Chinese respondent is the highest, which takes 10 of respondents or 20. 0%. Indian show the respondent is only 1 respondent or 2. 0% that used KFC KB Mall. 4. 1. 4Frequency Analysis by Marital Status Responds to Status Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Single 27 54. 0 54. 54. 0 Married 23 46. 0 46. 0 100. 0 Total 50 100. 0 100. 0 Table 4. 4 Frequency analysis by marital status Figure 4. 4 Pie chart of frequency analysis by marital status Table 4. 4 shows frequency analysis of marital status for 50 respondents. From 50 respondents, there are 27 of respondents or 54. 0% were sin gle and about 23 of respondents or 46. 0% are married. Therefore, the researcher concluded that the customer of KFC KB Mall is single person because have higher percentage in the frequency distribution analysis. 4. 1. 5Frequency analysis by discipline Level Responds to Education Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid SPM/SPV/MCE 5 10. 0 10. 0 10. 0 sheepskin/STP/STPM/HSE 4 8. 0 8. 0 18. 0 Bachelor stagecoach 37 74. 0 74. 0 92. 0 Master Degree and to a higher place 4 8. 0 8. 0 100. 0 Total 50 100. 0 100. 0 Table 4. 5 Frequency analysis by education level Figure 4. 5 Pie chart of frequency analysis by education level Table 4. 5 indicates that most of customer is at Bachelor Degree of education, whichs covered 37 respondents or 74. 0% of respondents. It is followed by customer from SPM/SPVM/MCE level with 5 respondents or 10. 0% respondents.On the other hand, there are about 4 respondents or 8. 0% respondents who are having the qualification of from Diplom a/STP/STPM/HSE and 4 other respondents from Master Degree and above Responds to Income Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid below RM1,000 17 34. 0 34. 0 34. 0 RM 1,000 RM 1,499 6 12. 0 12. 0 46. 0 RM 1,500 RM 1,999 5 10. 0 10. 0 56. 0 RM 2,000 RM 2,499 1 2. 0 2. 0 58. 0 RM 2,500 RM 2,999 4 8. 0 8. 0 66. 0 RM 3,000 and above 17 34. 0 34. 0 100. 0 Total 50 100. 0 100. 0 Table 4. 6 Frequency analysis by income levelFigure 4. 6 Bar chart of frequency analysis by income level Table 4. 6 indicates that 34% of the respondents have the personal income ranging below RM1,000. While, the next 34% of respondents have an income from RM3,000 and above. There are 12% of respondents have income ranging from RM1,000 to RM1,499, 10% of respondents have income from RM1,500 to RM1,999, 8% respondents from RM2,500 to RM2,999 and the last is 2% of the respondents income level is RM2,000 to RM2,499. 4. 1. 7Frequency Analysis by vocation Responds to Occupation Frequen cy Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Government 22 44. 44. 0 44. 0 Private 3 6. 0 6. 0 50. 0 Business 2 4. 0 4. 0 54. 0 Retired 1 2. 0 2. 0 56. 0 Housewives 1 2. 0 2. 0 58. 0 Student 21 42. 0 42. 0 100. 0 Total 50 100. 0 100. 0 Table 4. 7 Frequency analysis by occupation Figure 4. 7 Pie chart of frequency analysis by occupation Table 4. 7 indicates that most of respondents are working at a government sector with 44% or 22 respondents. It is follow by respondents who are students with 42% or 21 respondents. And for private sector, it contribute respondents at 6% or 3 respondents, follow by 4% from business.Lastly is follow by retired and housewives which are each of them with 2% each. 4. 1. 8Frequency Analysis by frequency goes to KFC KB Mall per month Responds to Frequency Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Once per month 26 52. 0 52. 0 52. 0 both times per month 8 16. 0 16. 0 68. 0 troika times per month 10 20. 0 20. 0 88. 0 quate rnity times per month 3 6. 0 6. 0 94. 0 fiver times per month 1 2. 0 2. 0 96. 0 More than above 2 4. 0 4. 0 100. 0 Total 50 100. 0 100. 0 Table 4. 8 Frequency Analysis by frequency goes to KFC KBMall per month Figure 4. Pie chart of Frequency Analysis by frequency goes to KFC KBMall per month Table 4. 8 shows that respondents who goes once per month to KFC KB Mall is the highest contribution to respondents which covered 52% or 26 of respondents. It is followed by three times per month which covered 20% or 10 of respondents. In the other hand, there are about 16% or 8 of respondents who goes to KFC KB Mall two times per month. Next is followed with more than above which 4% or 2 of respondents and the last is five timekeeper per month which is 2% or 1 of respondents. 4. 1. 9Frequency Analysis by expending at KFC KB Mall Responds to Spent Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Below RM15 11 22. 0 22. 0 22. 0 RM16 RM30 14 28. 0 28. 0 50. 0 RM31 and above 2 5 50. 0 50. 0 100. 0 Total 50 100. 0 100. 0 Table 4. 9 Frequency Analysis by consumption at KFC KBMall Figure 4. 9 Bar chart of Frequency Analysis by spending at KFC KB Mall Table 4. 9 indicate that the highest spending by respondents are RM31 and above which 50% or 25 of respondents. The second is from RM16 to RM30 which 28% or 14 of the respondents and lastly is the lowest, spending below RM15 which is 22% or 11 of the respondents. . 1. 10Frequency Analysis by Types of Products at KFC KB Mall Responds to Products Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Kids meal 4 8. 0 8. 0 8. 0 Family meal 15 30. 0 30. 0 38. 0 Individual meal 19 38. 0 38. 0 76. 0 Burger 7 14. 0 14. 0 90. 0 Snacks and desserts 5 10. 0 10. 0 100. 0 Total 50 100. 0 100. 0 Table 4. 10 Frequency Analysis by Types of Products at KFC KBMall Figure 4. 10 Pie chart of Frequency Analysis by Types of Products at KFC KB Mall Table 5. indicates that most of respondents are enjoy to choose indiv idual meals where 19 respondents which are 38% of respondents. It was follow by family meals of 15 respondents where 30% of respondents. Meanwhile, the result for snack and dessert are 5 respondents where 10%. Furthermore about 7 respondents or 14% would buy burger. And lastly is follow by kids meal with 4 respondents or 8% respondents. 4. 2RELIABILITY ANALYSIS Reliability analysis is a measure of the internal amity of a set of scale items. The more true(p) a set of scale items, the more confidence score the researcher obtained.According the Rules of Thumb about Cronbachs alpha Coefficient Size, there is value between 0 until 1. The proximate result to 1, the more authorized the scale of variable. When the result is below than 0. 5, the reliability is not effective. Alpha Coefficient Range Strength of Association . 6 suffering .6 to . 7 Moderate .7 . 8 commodity .8 to . 9 Very Good .9 Excellent Table 4. 11 Rules of Thumb about Cronbachs Alpha Coefficient Size Based on Hair et al (2003), the reliability trial can be interpreted according to the strength using Rules of Thumb. 4. 2. 1Reliability Analysis for Customer Loyalty Reliability StatisticsCronbachs Alpha N of Items .774 5 Table 4. 12 Reliability analysis for customer loyalty This is the reliability rise for customer loyalty, which the Cronbachs Alpha value is 0. 774. It centre that the questions are nifty to be asked to the respondents. 4. 2. 2Reliability Analysis for Price Reliability Statistics Cronbachs Alpha N of Items .796 5 Table 4. 13 Reliability analysis for price This is the reliability test for price, which the Cronbachs Alpha value is 0. 796. It fashion that the questions are good and reliable to be asked to the respondents. 4. 2. 3Reliability Analysis for Service Reliability StatisticsCronbachs Alpha N of Items .990 4 Table 4. 14 Reliability analysis for service This is the reliability test for service, which the Cronbachs Alpha value is 0. 990. It means that the questions are e xcellent and reliable to be asked to the respondents 4. 2. 4Reliability Analysis for Brand human body Reliability Statistics Cronbachs Alpha N of Items .685 3 Table 4. 15 Reliability analysis for brand image This is the reliability test for brand image, which the Cronbachs Alpha value is 0. 685. It is means that the questions are moderate and reliable to be asked to the respondents. 4. 2. 5Reliability Analysis for ProductReliability Statistics Cronbachs Alpha N of Items .721 5 Table 4. 16 Reliability analysis for product This is the reliability test for product, which the Cronbachs alpha value is 0. 892. It is means that the questions are very good and reliable to be asked to the respondents. The finding result for reliability analysis Variable Cronbachs Alpha Strength of Association Customer Loyalty 0. 856 Very good Price 0. 916 Excellent Service 0. 720 Good Brand flesh 0. 930 Excellent Product 0. 892 Very good Table 4. 17 The finding result for reliability analysis 4. 3PEARSONS CORRELATION OF COEFFICIENTThe researcher used this method to analyze if there is a measure relationship between two variables. The researcher used Pearson correlation Matrix to test hypothesis because the questionnaire is an interval measurement of scale. correlativitys Price Service Image Product Response of customer Price Pearson correlation 1 . 938** . 972** . 986** . 969** Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 . 000 . 000 . 000 N 50 50 50 50 50 Service Pearson correlativity . 938** 1 . 949** . 951** . 926** Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 . 000 . 000 . 000 N 50 50 50 50 50 Image Pearson Correlation . 972** . 49** 1 . 984** . 967** Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 . 000 . 000 . 000 N 50 50 50 50 50 Product Pearson Correlation . 986** . 951** . 984** 1 . 979** Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 . 000 . 000 . 000 N 50 50 50 50 50 Response of customer Pearson Correlation . 969** . 926** . 967** . 979** 1 Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 . 000 . 000 . 000 N 50 50 50 50 50 **. Correlation is material at the 0. 01 level (2- tailed). Table 4. 18 drumhead of correlation data Correlations Price Response of customer Price Pearson Correlation 1 . 969** Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 N 50 50Response of customer Pearson Correlation . 969** 1 Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 N 50 50 **. Correlation is evidentiary at the 0. 01 level (2-tailed). Table 4. 19 Correlation between price and customer loyalty Hypothesis 1 Ho Price does not contribute to the customer loyalty H1 Price does give high contribute to customer loyalty The finding from the data released that customer loyalty and price value is 0. nonetheless the result shows that the value is earthshaking and high relationship between two variables. Correlations Response of customer Service Response of customer Pearson Correlation 1 . 926** Sig. (2-tailed) . 00 N 50 50 Service Pearson Correlation . 926** 1 Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 N 50 50 **. Correlation is pregnant at the 0. 01 level (2-tailed). Table 4. 20 Correlation between service and customer loyalty H ypothesis 2 Ho Service not gives impact to customer loyalty H1 Service gives impact to customer loyalty The finding from the data released that customer loyalty and service value is 0. Even the result shows that the value is significant and high relationship between two variables. Therefore the H1 will be authentic and H0 will be rejected. Correlations Service Image Service Pearson Correlation 1 . 49** Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 N 50 50 Image Pearson Correlation . 949** 1 Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 N 50 50 **. Correlation is significant at the 0. 01 level (2-tailed). Table 4. 21 Correlation between Brand image and customer loyalty Hypothesis 3 Ho Brand image does not influencing the customer loyalty H1 Brand image is a big influencer the customer loyalty The finding from the data released that customer loyalty and brand image value is 0. Even the result shows that the value is significant and high relationship between two variables. Therefore the H1 will be accepted and H0 will be r ejected. Correlations Product Response of customer Product Pearson Correlation 1 . 979** Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 N 50 50 Response of customer Pearson Correlation . 979** 1 Sig. (2-tailed) . 000 N 50 50 **. Correlation is significant at the 0. 01 level (2-tailed). Table 4. 22 Correlation between product and customer loyalty Hypothesis 4 Ho Product does not affecting customer loyalty H1 Product gives effect to the customer loyalty The finding from the data released that customer loyalty and product value is 0. Even the result shows that the value is significant and high relationship between two variables.Therefore the H1 will be accepted and H0 will be rejected. 4. 3REGRESSION ANALYSIS sit around Summary Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate 1 . 980a . 960 . 956 . 459 a. Predictors (Constant), Product, Service, Image, Price Table 4. 18 Model Summary From the table of model summary above, the value of r square 0. 980. This means that 0. 980 of dependent v ariable are explain by independent variable that has been use in the research. This indicates the high percentage which means that almost all of the independent variables can be used in this research. ANOVAb Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Regression 225. 636 4 56. 409 267. 647 . 000a Residual 9. 484 45 . 211 Total 235. 120 49 a. Predictors (Constant), Product, Service, Image, Price b. interdependent Variable Response of customer Table 4. 18 ANOVA Regarding to the above table, the F-test is significant which is P value 0. 00 < 0. 05. It means that all the variables validated and accepted since the p-value less than 0. 05. Therefore the model is significant to other words at least one of independent variable is significant to predict the dependent variable. Coefficientsa Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error Beta 1 (Constant) . 015 . 266 . 057 . 955 Price . 104 . 180 . 105 . 580 . 565 Service -. 057 . 080 -. 072 - . 718 . 476 Image . 146 . 159 . 158 . 917 . 364 Product . 727 . 225 . 788 3. 232 . 002 a. dependant Variable Response of customer Table 4. 19 Standard Coefficients The t-test shows the significant result for the dependent variable which is 0. 047 < 0. 05. Besides that, for the other variable which are corporate reputation and service quality where p value is < 0. 05 and it means there is significant relationship. CHAPTER 5 decisiveness AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5. INTRODUCTION For this chapter, the researchers will concludes all the information that had been mention from chapter one until chapter four. The researchers also included the suggestion and good word for KFC at KB Mall based on the finding in chapter four for future research in order to help other researchers make improvement and thus provide useful information. 5. 1 CONCLUSION This research had been conduct to identify customer loyalty at KFC KB Mall. Customer is the most important asset for every business in the world. All the companies do not want to lose their own customer especially if customers turn away to the competitors.The researchers had found that the factors of customer loyalty based on price, service, brand image and product. Besides that, there have four hypotheses for this study, which can be prove. The result for hypotheses shows that all the independent variables that are price, service, brand image and product have significant relationship with customer loyalty but the most significant variable is product. In terms of the independent variables, the researchers found that product plays important factor that affecting to the customer loyalty because it has strong correlation which is, 0. 79. 5. 2 RECOMMENDATION Nowadays, there are many fast food restaurant have been built in Malaysia. So existence of the new fast food restaurants such as RasaMas, Chicken Rice Shop, and McDonald exist and they are really make good competition among them. Therefore, to reduce customer loyalty, it is important to KFC to be maintained as a number one in the fast food industry. Thus, through this study researchers willing to make some suggestions for KFC KB Mall and hope it can help in the future. 5. 2. 1 Training the StaffStaff at KFC KB Mall is very important to create long term relationship because they are person who meet customers and treats the order from customers. Therefore, KFC at KB Mall weapons staff should be giving training maybe double a year on how to overcome and how to communicate with the customers. Although it takes high represent for the company, KFC need to scarify to create high customer satisfaction. Through training, KFCs staff can control their emotion when faces different customers who are refractory and have different characteristics.Furthermore, the staff also should have basic knowledge that can help customers to solved problems. 5. 2. 2 Faster counter services Counter service is important to increase customer loyalty. This is because customer unc easingly rushes for their time. Therefore, KFC KB Malls staffs need to limit time serving one customer. It can be done if KFC KB Malls staff can serve the customers immediately and not waste time. Besides that, KFC also need to improve in term of time taken order for one customer. This is because from the researcher observation, customer always complaint that they need to wait until 6 until 10 legal proceeding for taken an order.Sometimes, customers urgently want to order the menu. So, KFC need to improve their process and use another way when make the serving menu. 5. 2. 3 spay the location Location also plays the important factors in giving the best service to the customer. Basically location at KB Mall is herd because in front of KFC is Mc Donald, RasaMas, Chicken Rice Shop. So, there are many competitors there and customers hard to make choice to go to the fast food restaurant. KFC should find the places that surrounding the building do not have too many competitors that will affected their business.REFERENCES Kotler, P. , & Armstrong, G. (2012). Principles of Marketing. (14th ed. ). England Pearson Education Limited. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//www. kfc. com. my/about-kfc-malaysia. php (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//www. fastfoodmarketing. org/fast_food_facts_in_brief. aspx freedownload. is. (2011). Retrieved from http//freedownload. is/pdf/consumers-preference-and-consumption-13515192. hypertext mark-up language Jeffrey A. Krug. (2001). KFC and Global Fast Food Industry. Retrieved from http//www. oppapers. com/essays/Kfc-Global-Fast-Food-Industry/168890